Electrogravitics Reference List
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1996 15:40:06 -0600 (CST)
From: Robert Stirniman
Subject: Updated Electrogravitics List
This file contains an electrogravitics reference
list, copied ad hoc from various other files
and sources, with commentary by yours truly.
Prepared by: Robert Stirniman (robert@wwa.com)
This Update: March 1, 1996
Danger Will Robinson! Some of the following information is serious,
and some is nonsense. Some of the things that might at first seem
to be nonsense, are not. And some things referenced below, which
come from serious credentialed scientists, are in fact nonsense.
Whatever the case, it's been included. Good luck sorting it out.
Understanding gravity is a matter of time.
SHORTCUTS
Internet Sites
Elektromagnum web site by David Jonsson:
http://www.newphys.se/elektromagnum/
KeelyNet:
http://www.keelynet.com/
http://www.newphys.se/elektromagnum/physics/KeelyNet/
Los Alamos National Lab Physics E-Print Archive:
http://xxx.lanl.gov/
Center for Gravitational Physics and Geometry:
http://vishnu.nirvana.phys.psu.edu/
Bill Beaty's Weird Science, Anomalous Physics, Free-Energy, Tesla Society:
http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/
http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/freenrg/antigrav.html
The Institute For New Energy, Patrick Bailey, homepage :
http://www.padrak.com/ine/
Digital Equipment Corp's Alta Vista web search engine. If
you can't find it with this, it ain't out there yet.
http://www.altavista.digital.com/
Elsevier Science. Search or browse the table of contents of more
than 900 science and technology journals. Data since early 1995.
http://www.elsevier.nl/cas/estoc/
Norman Redington's website, The Net Advance of Physics, recent
preprints and papers describing new developments in physics:
http://pobox.com/~redingtn
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University's Aerospace Virtual Library:
http://macwww.db.erau.edu/www_virtual_lib/aerospace.html
Jack R. Hunt Memorial Library (aerospace):
http://amelia.db.erau.edu/
American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics (AIAA) home page:
http://www-leland.stanford.edu/group/aiaa/national
NASA Langley Research Center Library:
http://blearg.larc.nasa.gov/library/larc-lib.html
NASA Scientific and Technical Information:
http://www.sti.nasa.gov/STI-homepage.html
University of Alabama at Hunstville. Dr Ning Li and Dr Douglas Torr.
Microgravity research consultants to NASA's Marshall Space Center.
http://isl-garnet.uah.edu/RR93/uahmatsci.html
The Microgravity Research Experiments (MICREX) Data Base
http://samson2.msfc.nasa.gov/fame/exps/kaw-sl3.html
Interstellar Propulsion Society:
http://www.digimark.net/ips/
National Science Foundation World Wide Web Server.
Find out where your science tax dollars are going.
http://stis.nsf.gov/
Nexus magazine web page:
http://www.peg.apc.org/~nexus/
Home page of New Scientist magazine:
http://www.newscientist.com/pstourist/index.html
The Farce of Physics:
http://www.germany.eu.net/books/farce
The World Wide Web Virtual Library: Sumeria/Technology
http://lablinks.com/sumeria/tech.html
The Society for the Advancement of Autodynamics website:
http://www.webcom.com/~saa
Popular Mechanics' Tech Update Article Archive:
http://popularmechanics.com/cgi-bin/wais.pl
Fortean web site:
http://www.clas.ufl.edu/anthro/fortpages.html.
Homepage of Apeiron Magazine:
http://montreal.aei.ca:80/~apeiron/
Borderland Sciences Research Foundation ftp site:
ftp: northcoast.com/pub/bsrf
Homepage of the International Society of Unified Science,
for advancing the Reciprocal System Theory of Dewey B. Larson:
http://infox.eunet.cz/interpres/sr/isus/index.html
Frank Lofaro's homepage, including alternative science links,
and two articles by Whittaker written in 1903 and 1904 about
scalar field theory and free energy:
http://www.unlv.edu/~ftlofaro/
Homepage of the Oppositely Charged Twin Monopole (OCTM) theory
of matter, "Gravity is a Push", US patent number 5,377,936:
http://www.epicom.com/gravitypush
Dr Eujin Jeong's Dipole Theory of Gravity homepage:
http://www.realtime.net/~ejeong
Levesque's (laurent@ee.umanitoba.ca) web site:
http://www.ee.umanitoba.ca/~laurent
UFOs and the New Physics:
http://www.hia.com/hia/pcr/ufo.html
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There is a fairly large body of evidence which supports the idea
of a strong relationship, and possibly an equivalent fundamental
source, for electromagnetism and gravitation. Many references to this
effect are contained in this resource list. But for now, let's forget
about the experimental evidence and theoretical ideas which are
presented here, and begin with first principles.
What if our knowledge of physics had evolved differently?
What if no one had ever given a thought to any theory of gravitation,
before we discovered the principles and theories of electromagnetics
and the two nuclear forces. We might have developed some fairly good
theories which unify the "three" forces. We would know that clumps of
matter are held together primarily by electromagnetic forces. And we
would find experimentally that if we separate some of these clumps of
matter, a small force continues to exist which trys to bring them back
together. Would it seem rational to speculate that this force is something
entirely new and completely different from electromagnetics? Would it
not be a great foolishness to invent something new and call it gravity
and claim that it has no relationship with the known forces, and then
write elaborate mathematical theories which describe it solely as geometry?
Or, would it be more rational to see it as what it probably is --
a manifestation of the electromagnetic forces which we already know
to hold matter together?
Could it be that electric charge is a fundamental thing, and inertial
mass is merely a shadow of something primal, and what we know as a
gravitational field is merely the net result of other primary fields?
Geometrize it if you find it useful to do so, but please recognize that
defining gravity as geometry lends no information to the understanding
of its cause.
Of all the forces we know, there is none stronger than a paradigm.
-- Robert Stirniman
------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL RELATIVITY & QUANTUM COSMOLOGY, ABSTRACT GR-QC/9512027
From: kldalton@cs.clemson.edu
Date: Tue, 12 Dec 1995 11:30:30 -0500
Author(s): Kenneth Dalton
Journal-ref: Hadronic J. 17 (1994) 483-501
Hypothesis: The electromagnetic field is the source of gravitation.
This treatment of gravitation is consistent with the quantum theory
of matter, which holds that electric charge (or `generalized
charge') is the most fundamental attribute of matter. Experimental
predictions of the theory include: (1) any massive body generates a
time-dependent gravitational field; (2) there is a linear
correlation between the gravitational red-shift of a stellar source
and the energy of cosmic rays emitted by that source, given by $
{\Delta \nu}/{\nu_0} = energy (eV)/10^{27} $; (3) the maximum energy
of cosmic rays is $ 10^{27} $ eV; (4) this limit is associated with
an infinitely red-shifted stellar object, an ``electrostatic
black-hole,'' at the potential $ c^2/G^{1/2} = 10^{27} $ volts.
Finally, the theory predicts that the gravitational potential near
any charged elementary particle is many orders of magnitude greater
than the Newtonian value.
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - THEORY, ABSTRACT HEP-TH/9601066
From: Kenichi Horie
Date: Sat, 13 Jan 1996 14:41:29 +0900
Geometric Interpretation of Electromagnetism in a Gravitational Theory with
Torsion and Spinorial Matter
Author(s): Kenichi Horie (KEK Japan)
Comments: Ph.D. thesis, 98 pages, LaTeX file, ca 276kB
Possible geometric frameworks for a unified theory of gravity and
electromagnetism are investigated: General relativity is enlarged by
allowing for an arbitrary complex linear connection and by
constructing an extended spinor derivative based on the complex
connection. Thereby the spacetime torsion not only is coupled to the
spin of fermions and causes a four-fermion contact interaction, but
the non-metric vector-part of torsion is also related to the
electromagnetic potential. However, this long-standing relation is
shown to be valid only in a special U(1) gauge, and it is a formal
consequence of the underlying extended geometry.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Salem, Kenneth G.
The new gravity : a new force, a new mass, a new acceleration : unifying
gravity with light / Kenneth G. Salem. 1st ed. Johnstown, PA : Salem Books,
c1994. xiii, 181 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.
LC CALL NUMBER: QC794.6.G7 S26 1994
SUBJECTS: Unified field theories. Gravitation. Electromagnetic interactions.
ISBN: 0962539813
Green, James A.
Gravitation & the electroform model : from general relativity to unified
field theory / by James A. Green. 7th ed. [Wichita, Kan.] : Greenwood
Research, c1994. 33 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.
LC CALL NUMBER: QC178 .G68 1994
SUBJECTS: Gravitation. Unified field theories. Astrophysics.
"Wichita State University Physics Graduate Seminar, Dec.1993 and Dec. 1994"
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Another very interesting research on anti-gravity is done (and still
going on) by the Japanese prof. Shinishi SEIKE. He published his
findings in the book " The Principles of Ultra Relativity ".
For his highly mathematical (no nonsense) book write to:
Shinichi SEIKE
G Research Institute
Box 33
UWAJIMA/Ehime (798)
JAPAN
Patents for anti-gravity devices and systems have been issued to
Brown, Hooper, Wallace, and others.
US Patents Awarded to Townsend Brown --
300,311 T.T.Brown Nov. 15, 1928 A Method of and an Apparatus
or Machine for Producing Force
or Motion
1,974,483 T.T.Brown Sept. 25, 1934 Electrostatic Motor
2,949,550 T.T.Brown Aug. 16, 1960 Electrokinetic Apparatus
3,022,430 T.T.Brown Feb. 20, 1962 Electrokinetic Generator
3,187,206 T.T.Brown June 1, 1965 Electrokinetic Apparatus
3,296,491 T.T.Brown Jan. 3, 1967 Method and Apparatus for Produc-
ing Ions and Electrically-Charged
Aerosols
3,518,462 T.T.Brown June 30, 1970 Fluid Flow Control System
______________________________________________________________________
Dr. late William J. Hooper, BA, MA, PhD in Physics was affiliated with
the University of California at Berkley, and was Professor Emeritus,
when he died in 1971. His works are documented and he gained two U.S.
patents for his "ALL-ELECTRIC MOTIONAL FIELD GENERATOR".
He claimed use of the "Motional Electric Field" to produce gravity and
anti-gravity for use in SPACECRAFT and AIRCRAFT. Indeed, in U.S. patent
#3,610,971 you can see a Flying Saucer diagram is used as an example
in Figure 7.
-- James Hartman, CaluNET Future Science Administrator
US Patent #3,610,971. "All Electric Motional Electric Field Generator",
Awarded to William Hooper, April 1969
US Patent # 3,656,013. "Apparatus for Generating Motional Electric Field",
Awarded to William Hooper, April 1972
Hooper, W. J. (1974). New Horizons in Electric, Magnetic and
Gravitational Field Theory, Electrodynamic Gravity, Inc. 1969
Frances G. Gibson, "THE ALL-ELECTRIC FIELD GENERATOR AND ITS POTENTIAL",
Electrodynamic Gravity, Inc., 1983
"Electric Propulsion Study", Dr. Dennis Cravens, SAIC Corp,
prepared for USAF Astronautics Lab at Edwards AFB, August 1990
-- Section 3.7 Non-Inductive Coils
Several authors have suggested that v x B term in the Lorentz
expression should be called into question. Several unverified
experimental results have ever been made. An experiment is
suggested to test one or several of these theoretical views.
This is an area where the experimental procedure is workable
and the outcome could have direct results in the area of inertia
forces.
During the late 60's William J. Hooper put forth an interesting
theory involving the v x B terms dynamic electrical circuits.
There was and is uncertainty as to the exact physical understanding
of the Biot-Savart-Lorentz law and Ampere's law involving the set
of reaction forces. Peter Graneau has studied these expressions.
Hoopers view was that there are three different types of electric
fields due to the distribution of electric field, and two due
to induction.
At the heart of the issue is the connection of the magnetic field
and its source in the charged particles. EM theory is presently
consistent with the idea that spinning magnetic dipoles create
effects indistinguishable from charged particles. There has been
no critical experiment which can disprove whether a magnetic flux
rotates with its source. If it does co-move with its source then
it is logical to assume that a motional electric field in a fixed
reference frame of the current induces a magnetic field. This
concept is likewise consistent with a field-free interpretation
such as Ampere's original laws.
(with 4 pages more about Hooper's theories)
FREE FALL OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES: ON MOVING BODIES AND THEIR
ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCES, by Nils Rognerud 1994 (nils@ccnet.com)
(available at the elektromagnum web site)
This paper is a review of the problem of the observable action of
gravitational forces on charged particles. The author discusses the
induced electric fields and the sometimes overlooked unique physical
properties. He analyzes several experiments, showing the reality of
the induced electric fields. The current interpretation, based on the
idea of only one electric field, with certain characteristics, is
compared with alternative approaches.
The Hooper Coil:
The author has tested a setup by pulsing strong currents, opposite and
equal, through multiple parallel conductors. The configuration of the
conductors in this type of experiment will cancel the B-fields, while
still producing an Em field, in accordance with Eq. 4.2. This is
similar to an experiment by Hooper (W. J. Hooper), who successfully
predicted and measured the motional electric field - all in zero
resultant B-field.
Interestingly, all of the above experiments can influence an electron
with a zero B-field, in the region of the electron. This has some
profound implications - one of which is that the motional electric
force field is immune to electrostatic or magnetic shielding.
Experimentally, it can be confirmed that the motional electric field
is immune to shielding and follows the boundary conditions of the
magnetic (not electric) field. The only way to shield a motional
electric field is to use a magnetic shield around the source of the
magnetic flux - containing it at the source. These effects are not
startling if one remembers that the motional electric field is a
magnetic effect and that a magnetic field has a different boundary
condition than the electric field.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
US Patent #3626605 -- "Method and Apparatus for Generating
a Secondary Gravitational Force Field"
Awarded to Henry Wm Wallace of Ardmore PA Dec 14, 1971
US Patent #3626606 -- "Method and Apparatus for Generating a
Dynamic Force Field"
Awarded to Henry Wm Wallace of Ardmore PA Dec 14, 1971
US Patent #3823570 -- "Heat Pump" (based on technology
similar to the above two inventions)
Awarded to Henry Wm Wallace of Freeport NY July 16, 1973
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Gravity is a PUSH!
United States Patent Number 5,377,936
NET KINETIC ENERGY DIFFERENTIAL GUIDANCE AND PROPULSION SYSTEM FOR
SATELLITES AND SPACE VEHICLES
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the early 1960s, Erwin Saxl conducted a series of experiments which
seemed to illustrate a non-zero coupling between EM and gravitational
fields. He claimed to see a change in the period of a torque pendulum
when its electric potential was raised.
US Patent # 3357253 -- "Device and Method for Measuring Gravitational
and Other Forces", awarded to E.J. Saxl, December 1967
"An Electrically Charged Torque Pendulum", by E.J. Saxl,
Nature 203, Page 136, July 11 1963.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
US patent number #5,076,971.
Barker places radioactive elements inside the sphere of a
Van de Graaff generator, runs it at a negative potential for several
minutes/hours/days -- and finds that the rate of radioactive decay
is extremely enhanced -- with some relationship to the magnitude of
the negative potential.
The principal investigator undertook a series of experiments to test
the "Barker effect" and the "Keller Catalytic Process" in changing the
rate of radioactive decay of heavy elements (elements heavier than
lead, such as radium, thorium, or uranium, all of which are
radioactive). Barker claims that subjecting radioactive materials to
high electrostatic potentials (50,000 volts to 500,000 volts) can
increase or decrease the rate of radioactive decay, with short
exposures of the high voltage capable of inducing erratic decay rates
which slowly return to normal over a period of weeks. Keller claims
that subjecting radioactive materials to the high heat and fusing
reaction of a chemical process (Keller Catalytic Process) can
eliminate the radioactivity completely.
-- Michael Mandeville http://www.aa.net/~mwm/dexmrad1.html
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Carr, Otis (1959). "Amusement Device," (i.e. A Flying Saucer),
US Patent No. 2,912,244.
Otis Carr's work involved counter-rotating charged discs that
supposedly produced thrust when they reached a certain speed in
relation the the earth's rotational speed and became activated by
free energy from space. Maybe he did have something."
-- James E. Cox
Carr's work is similar in some respects to Hooper's inventions. In both
cases, an anti-gravitational effect is reported to result from equal and
opposite electric currents. Furthermore, one of Hooper's embodiments, the
pancake coil, has an uncanny resemblance to the gravitational shielding
experiments which were recently conducted in Tampere Finland (1992 and 1995).
Except that in the Tampere experiments, the equal and opposite current is
generated in a superconductor disk by way of the Meissner effect. Will we
soon begin to recognize value of the discoveries that Carr made nearly 40
years ago, and Hooper made over 25 years ago?
-- Robert Stirniman
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF HOOPER'S GRAVITY-ELECTROMAGNETIC COUPLING CONCEPT
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center,
Cleveland, OH. MILLIS, MARC G. WILLIAMSON, GARY SCOTT JUN. 1995 12 PAGES
Presented at the 31st Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, San Diego CA,
10-12 Jul. 1995; sponsored by AIAA, ASME, SAE, and ASEE NASA-TM-106963
E-9719 NAS 1.15:106963 AIAA PAPER 95-2601 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01
Experiments were conducted to test assertions from Patent 3,610,971, by W.J.
Hooper that self-canceling electromagnetic coils can reduce the weight of
objects placed underneath. No weight changes were observed within the
detectability of the instrumentation. More careful examination of the patent
and other reports from Hooper led to the conclusion that Hooper may have
misinterpreted thermal effects as his 'Motional Field' effects. There is a
possibility that the claimed effects are below the detection thresholds of
the instrumentation used for these tests.
CASI Accession Number: N95-28893
I have two problems with the methodology used by the NASA scientists in
the above experiment.
First -- The amount of ampere-turns used in the NASA experiment was
substantially lower than the amount used by Hooper. Hooper found that
his effect increased in proportion the square of the current. If you
were motivated to verify that the Hooper effect exists, would you not
try to conduct the experiment with MORE current, rather than less?
Second -- NASA conducted it's tests by energizing the coils and making
measurements in an immediate on-off mode, rather than letting things
run for a while as Hooper did. NASA's reason for doing this was to
avoid errors due to thermal effects. This makes sense. But what does
not make sense is that if you are trying to verify an original experiment
and you make changes, you have an obligation to also conduct the
experiment in it's original mode. To do otherwise is bad science.
But what could be wrong with testing things in an immediate on-off mode?
Well, it can be seen in other experiments that a gravitational effect
sometimes results from macroscopic spin alignment of the quantum
angular momentum of a large number of microscopic particles. It has
been demonstrated in other experiments that it takes time for these
particles to come into alignment. For example in the inventions of
Henry Wallace it sometimes took minutes for the "kinemassic" gravito-
magnetic field to fully manifest itself. The reason that it takes time
for particles to come into alignment, could be much the same reason that
it takes time to permanently magnetize a magnet. Wallace found that the
"kinemassic" effect occurs with elemental materials which have a component
of unpaired spin in the atomic nucleus. This includes all common isotopes
of copper, which of course is the material used in Hooper's coils.
Incidently, NASA essentially has an economic monopoly in the lucrative
market for microgravity materials research.
-- Robert Stirniman
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Hooper effect can be readily demonstrated in the "Two Moving
Magnets Experiment". In this experiment, magnetic flux is provided by
equal strength opposite pole magnets, moving uniformly in opposite
directions. The induced motional electric field that is generated
in a conductor, is found to be twice that which would result from
a single magnet, while remarkably, the sum of the magnetic B field
is zero. This experiment is easy to setup and verify in any electronics
laboratory with a pair of magnets, a wire, and a voltmeter. In fact,
you may wrap the conductor, in electrostatic or magnetic shielding,
and find the same result.
-- Nils Rognerud
Oleg Jefimenko, "Causality, Electromagnetic Induction, and Gravitation",
Electret Scientific, Star City, (1992)
Oleg Jefimenko, "Force Exerted on a Stationary Charge by a Moving
Electric Current or a Moving Magnet", American Journal of Physics,
Vol 61, pages 218-222 (1993)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Apparently, there are some VERY interesting clues to the nature of the
universe that are related to the phenomenon of SPIN. It might get very
interesting if someone were to make a project of assembling in one place
all the information that has been observed, alleged, suspected, or
speculated about concerning unexpected effects related to spin, along
with all the traditional Newtonian results, stir, add some seasoning,
and see what comes out.
For example, in quantum mechanics, if you want to measure the spin axis
of an electron, you do an experiment in which you ASSUME an axis, make a
measurement of the correlation (the dot product) of that axis with
the actual axis of spin for that electron, and theory says you can
determine at least how close your guess was.
It was a major surprise for the first expermienters with this to find that
the guess was always right: whatever spin axis you assume turns out to be
correct, exactly dead accurate. You must be a VERY good guesser. Out of
this experimental result came the concept of "isospin". Which in itself
is kind of weird in that objects with zero radius can still exhibit spinx.
But I find the idea that the spin is wherever you guess it might be to be
even weirder and to need a better model that predicts this result.
-- John Sangster
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paper: gr-qc/9311036
From: jaegukim@cc.kangwon.ac.kr
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 93 13:47:52 +0900
Gravitational Field of a Moving Spinning Point Particle,
by Jaegu Kim, 7 pages,
The gravitational and electromagnetic fields of a moving charged
spinning point particle are obtained in the Lorentz covariant form
by transforming the Kerr--Newman solution in Boyer--Lindquist
coordinates to the one in the coordinate system which resembles the
isotropic coordinates and then covariantizing it. It is shown that
the general relativistic proper time at the location of the particle
is the same as the special relativistic one and the gravitational
and electromagnetic self forces vanish.
Jaegu Kim, "Gravitational Field of a Moving Point Particle", Journal
of the Korean Physical Society, Vol 27 No 5, Oct 94, Pages 484-492
Jaegu Kim, "Gravitational Field of a Moving Spinning Point Particle",
Journal of the Korean Physical Society, Vol 27 No 5, Oct 94, Pages 479-483
In the above papers, Dr. Kim derives solutions for the Einstein-Maxwell
equations for: a charged massless point particle, a point particle having
mass but no charge, a point particle having mass and charge, a massless
point particle with charge and spin, and finally -- a point particle having
charge, mass, and spin. He determines that there is a region of space
around a charged spinning mass in which the gravitational force is negative.
The ability to generate a negative gravity effect may come as no surprise
to experimenters who have worked with Bose-Einstein condensates, superfluids,
or superconductor material in which the angular momentum of quantum level
particles can become aligned along a "macroscopic" spin axis. And it is
probably also not a surprise to those who have looked at devices such as
the inventions of Henry Wallace, in which a macroscopic body is mechanically
spun at high speed in order to cause a "kinemassic" gravito-magnetic field
due to spin alignment of the nucleus of elemental materials having an odd
number of nucleons (un-paired spin).
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Paper: GR-QC/9504023
Date: Mon, 17 Apr 1995 10:43:50 +0900
Title: Pure spin-connection formulation of gravity and classification
of energy-momentum tensors
Author: Mathias PILLIN