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java.lang.Object | +----java.lang.Math
Math contains methods for performing basic
numeric operations such as the elementary exponential, logarithm,
square root, and trigonometric functions.
To help ensure portability of Java programs, the definitions of
many of the numeric functions in this package require that they
produce the same results as certain published algorithms. These
algorithms are available from the well-known network library
netlib as the package "Freely Distributable
Math Library" (fdlibm). These algorithms, which
are written in the C programming language, are then to be
understood as executed with all floating-point operations
following the rules of Java floating-point arithmetic.
The network library may be found on the World Wide Web at
http://netlib.att.com/
then perform a keyword search for "fdlibm".
The Java math library is defined with respect to the version of
fdlibm dated January 4, 1995. Where
fdlibm provides more than one definition for a
function (such as acos), use the "IEEE 754 core
function" version (residing in a file whose name begins with
the letter e).
E
double value that is closer than any other to
e, the base of the natural logarithms.
PI
double value that is closer than any other to
pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
abs(double)
double value.
abs(float)
float value.
abs(int)
int value.
abs(long)
long value.
acos(double)
asin(double)
atan(double)
atan2(double, double)
b, a)
to polar (r, theta).
ceil(double)
double value that is not less than the argument and is
equal to a mathematical integer.
cos(double)
exp(double)
double value.
floor(double)
double value that is not greater than the argument and
is equal to a mathematical integer.
IEEEremainder(double, double)
log(double)
double
value.
max(double, double)
double values.
max(float, float)
float values.
max(int, int)
int values.
max(long, long)
long values.
min(double, double)
double values.
min(float, float)
float values.
min(int, int)
int values.
min(long, long)
long values.
pow(double, double)
random()
0.0 and 1.0.
rint(double)
round(double)
long to the argument.
round(float)
int to the argument.
sin(double)
sqrt(double)
double value.
tan(double)
E
public static final double E
double value that is closer than any other to
e, the base of the natural logarithms.
PI
public static final double PI
double value that is closer than any other to
pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
sin
public static native double sin(double a)
cos
public static native double cos(double a)
tan
public static native double tan(double a)
asin
public static native double asin(double a)
acos
public static native double acos(double a)
atan
public static native double atan(double a)
exp
public static native double exp(double a)
double value.
double value.
log
public static native double log(double a)
double
value.
0.0.
a, the natural logarithm of
a.
sqrt
public static native double sqrt(double a)
double value.
double value.
a.
If the argument is NaN or less than zero, the result is NaN.
IEEEremainder
public static native double IEEEremainder(double f1,
double f2)
f1 - f2 × n,
where n is the mathematical integer closest to the exact
mathematical value of the quotient f1/f2, and if two
mathematical integers are equally close to f1/f2,
then n is the integer that is even. If the remainder is
zero, its sign is the same as the sign of the first argument.
f1 is divided by
f2.
ceil
public static native double ceil(double a)
double value that is not less than the argument and is
equal to a mathematical integer.
double value.
double value that is not less than the argument
and is equal to a mathematical integer.
floor
public static native double floor(double a)
double value that is not greater than the argument and
is equal to a mathematical integer.
double value.
double value that is not greater than the argument
and is equal to a mathematical integer.
rint
public static native double rint(double a)
double value.
double value to a that is
equal to a mathematical integer. If two double
values that are mathematical integers are equally close to the
value of the argument, the result is the integer value that
is even.
atan2
public static native double atan2(double a,
double b)
b, a)
to polar (r, theta).
This method computes the phase theta by computing an arc tangent
of b/a in the range of -pi to pi.
double value.
double value.
pow
public static native double pow(double a,
double b)
If (a == 0.0), then b must be
greater than 0.0; otherwise an exception is thrown.
An exception also will occur if (a <= 0.0)
and b is not equal to a whole number.
double value.
double value.
ab.
a == 0.0) and
(b <= 0.0), or
if (a <= 0.0) and b
is not equal to a whole number.
round
public static int round(float a)
int to the argument.
If the argument is negative infinity or any value less than or
equal to the value of Integer.MIN_VALUE, the result is
equal to the value of Integer.MIN_VALUE.
If the argument is positive infinity or any value greater than or
equal to the value of Integer.MAX_VALUE, the result is
equal to the value of Integer.MAX_VALUE.
float value.
int value.
round
public static long round(double a)
long to the argument.
If the argument is negative infinity or any value less than or
equal to the value of Long.MIN_VALUE, the result is
equal to the value of Long.MIN_VALUE.
If the argument is positive infinity or any value greater than or
equal to the value of Long.MAX_VALUE, the result is
equal to the value of Long.MAX_VALUE.
double value.
long value.
random
public static synchronized double random()
0.0 and 1.0.
Random number generators are often referred to as pseudorandom number
generators because the numbers produced tend to repeat themselves after
a period of time.
double between 0.0
and 1.0.
abs
public static int abs(int a)
int value.
If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
Note that if the argument is equal to the value of
Integer.MIN_VALUE, the most negative representable
int value, the result is that same value, which is
negative.
int value.
abs
public static long abs(long a)
long value.
If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
Note that if the argument is equal to the value of
Long.MIN_VALUE, the most negative representable
long value, the result is that same value, which is
negative.
long value.
abs
public static float abs(float a)
float value.
If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
float value.
abs
public static double abs(double a)
double value.
If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
double value.
max
public static int max(int a,
int b)
int values.
int value.
int value.
a and b.
max
public static long max(long a,
long b)
long values.
long value.
long value.
a and b.
max
public static float max(float a,
float b)
float values. If either value
is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the
the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero
to be strictly smaller than positive zero.
float value.
float value.
a and b.
max
public static double max(double a,
double b)
double values. If either value
is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the
the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero
to be strictly smaller than positive zero.
double value.
double value.
a and b.
min
public static int min(int a,
int b)
int values.
int value.
int value.
a and b.
min
public static long min(long a,
long b)
long values.
long value.
long value.
a and b.
min
public static float min(float a,
float b)
float values. If either value
is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the
the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero
to be strictly smaller than positive zero.
float value.
float value.
a and b.
min
public static double min(double a,
double b)
double values. If either value
is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the
the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero
to be strictly smaller than positive zero.
double value.
double value.
a and b.
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